Exact population: 64,631,595 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2006 est.)

Literacy: Total population: 92.6%; male: 94.9%; female: 90.5%

Ethnicities: Thai 75%, Chinese 14%, other 11%

Area: Total: 514,000 sq km; land: 511,770 sq km; water: 2,230 sq km

Land boundaries: Total: 4,863 km; border countries: Burma 1,800 km, Cambodia 803 km, Laos 1,754 km, Malaysia 506 km

Terrain: Central plain; Khorat Plateau in the east; mountains elsewhere

Extremes: Lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m; highest point: Doi Inthanon 2,576 m

Imports: Japan 23.6%, China 8.6%, US 7.7%, Malaysia 5.8%, Singapore 4.4%, Taiwan 4.1%, UAE 4% (2004)

Exports: US 16.1%, Japan 14%, China 7.4%, Singapore 7.3%, Malaysia 5.5%, Hong Kong 5.1% (2004)

Industries: Tourism, textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages, tobacco, cement, light manufacturing such as jewelry, electric appliances and components, computers and parts, integrated circuits, furniture, plastics, automobiles and automotive parts, world's second-largest tungsten producer, and third-largest tin producer

Source: CIA World Factbook